China, Xi Jinping and the New World Order
The General Secretary's View of the New World Order from the Current International Situation
With China's peaceful rise and its position at the center of
the world stage, the construction of a new world order featuring democracy,
rule of law, fairness and rationality has become the basic aspect of the
strategic decision-making of the party and the state, and has also become a
major subject of theoretical research. Since the 18th National Congress of the
Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has coordinated both
domestic and international situations, national governance and global
governance. To build a new type of international relations and a fair and
reasonable world order centered on win-win cooperation, and to build a
community with a shared future for mankind.
On November 29, 2014, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized when attending the Central Foreign Affairs Work Conference: "We must effectively promote multilateral diplomacy, promote the reform of the international system and global governance, and increase the representation and voice of my country and the vast number of developing countries."
In 2015 On October 12, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China conducted the 27th collective study on the global governance pattern and global governance system.
Chinese President and the Communist Party General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized when presiding over the study that we must assess the situation, strive to seize opportunities, properly respond to challenges, and coordinate domestic.
The two
major international situations will promote the development of the global
governance system in a more just and reasonable direction.
On a series of major international occasions, President Xi Jinping has also unequivocally advocated promoting global governance reform, building a new type of international relations, and building a new economic and political order.
On March 27, 2013, President Xi Jinping emphasized at the fifth BRICS leaders' meeting: "No matter how the global governance system changes, we must actively participate and play a constructive role in promoting the international order towards a more just and reasonable one. direction development and provide institutional guarantee for world peace and stability.”
On March 28, 2014, he pointed out in a speech at the Kölber Foundation in Germany: “We will start from the righteousness of world peace and development, and contribute to China that handles contemporary international relations. Wisdom, contribute to China's plan to improve global governance, and make its own contribution to human society in responding to various challenges in the 21st century."
On July 15, 2014, he again advocated in his speech at the sixth meeting of the BRICS leaders. : We should adhere to the spirit of cooperation, continue to strengthen solidarity, accommodate each other's concerns, deepen practical cooperation, and work together to achieve economic growth in all countries and provide impetus for improving global governance.
On July 16, 2014, in his speech at the Brazilian Congress, he proposed that we should strengthen coordination and cooperation in international and multilateral mechanisms such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the G20, and the BRICS countries, gather the strength of developing countries, and actively participate in the global Governance, and strive for more institutional power and voice for developing countries.
On September 22, 2015, in an interview with The Wall Street Journal, he deeply expounded on the necessity of promoting the reform of the global governance system, pointing out that many people of insight in the world believe that as the world continues to develop and change, as human beings face.
The number of major transnational and global challenges in China is increasing, and it is necessary to adjust and reform the global governance system and mechanism accordingly.
General Secretary
Xi Jinping's important exposition on promoting the reform of the global
governance system and governance rules, and building a new type of
international relations and world order, profoundly revealed the laws and
trajectories of the transformation, development and change of the world today,
and pointed out the direction and path to promote the reform of global
governance of great strategic significance.
1. Why promote global governance reform and build a new world order?
Promoting global governance reform and building a new world
order is extremely important and urgent for China and the world.
First, changes in the international landscape will inevitably require changes in the global governance system.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the international balance of power has undergone profound changes, and the international influence of emerging market countries and a large number of developing countries has continued to increase. This is the most revolutionary change in the international balance of power since modern times. For hundreds of years, great powers have competed for interests and hegemony through wars, colonization, and division of spheres of influence.
The reform of the global governance system is at a historical turning point, and it is the general trend to strengthen global governance and promote the reform of the global governance system.
The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee
held a special study and discussion on "Global Governance Pattern and
Global Governance System", which fully explained that changes in the
international pattern put forward new requirements for global governance, and
at the same time indicated that China hopes to make a positive contribution to
the reform of the global governance system.
The world has gone through a process from bipolarity, unipolarity to multipolarity, and the change of the pattern is extremely difficult, requiring corresponding adjustments in theory and order.
Only by reforming and adjusting outdated international relations can we effectively reflect the changes in the international pattern, promote equal rights, equal opportunities, and equal rules for all countries in international economic cooperation, so that the global governance system can reflect the wishes and interests of most countries in a more balanced manner.
Only then can we more effectively adhere to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, better maintain, develop and establish the international system with the UN at its core, and then create a brighter future for mankind.
The main problem with current global governance is that the international voice of developing countries, which account for more than 70% of the world's total population, does not match their size and growing economic power.
Some developing countries hope that China can
contribute more in promoting a fairer and more equitable global governance
mechanism, representing them on the world stage with a voice that matches its
growing economic strength and rising international status, and adapting the
global governance system to the international community. New requirements of
the economic structure.
Xi Jinping points Chinese Responsibility on Promoting the reform of the global governance system
Promoting the reform of the global governance system is an unshirkable responsibility of China as a responsible major country. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that some developing countries hope that China can contribute more in promoting a more just and reasonable global governance mechanism.
China also has the responsibility to actively participate in global economic governance, promote the reform of the global governance system, improve the institutional voice of developing countries in global governance, build a broad community of interests, and promote the healthy construction of the international structure and the balance of international power.
Chinese should
strengthen coordination and cooperation with developing countries within
international and multilateral mechanisms, actively participate in global
governance, and strive for more institutional power and voice for developing
countries.
Second, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation urgently needs global governance reform. After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, we are closer to the center of the world stage than ever before, closer to the goal of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than ever before, and we have the ability and confidence to achieve this goal as never before.
At the same time, the more we develop and grow, the greater the resistance and pressure we will encounter, and the more external risks and challenges we will face. Developed countries generally still dominate global governance and the world order.
China's rapid rise will inevitably face the constraints of existing international rules and national order, and will be restrained by the United States and other Western defending powers.
By advancing the reform of the global governance system and setting rules and directions for the international governance structure and international system, we are striving to reflect and respect China's due status and role in the international order and long-term institutional arrangements of the international system, and strive for the commanding heights of development.
As General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "The fundamental purpose of our participation in global governance is to obey and serve the realization of the 'two centenary goals' and the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
To promote the global governance system towards a more just and reasonable The direction of development will create more favorable conditions for my country’s development and world peace.” “my country has entered a critical stage of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The relationship between China and the world is undergoing profound changes, and the interconnection and interaction between my country and the international community has also changed.
With unprecedented closeness, my country's dependence on the world and its participation in international affairs is constantly deepening, and the world's dependence on my country and its influence on China are also deepening.
When we observe and plan reform and
development, we must consider and comprehensively use both international and
domestic One market, two kinds of resources at home and abroad, and two kinds
of rules at home and abroad.”
Third, the effective response to global challenges urgently requires the reform of the global governance system. At present, the in-depth development of globalization has more closely linked the interests and destinies of all countries in the world, forming a community of interests in which you are in me and you are in me.
Many problems are no longer confined to one country, and many challenges are no longer within the capabilities of one country. Global challenges require the concerted efforts of all countries. For example, the post-2015 development agenda, climate change negotiations, reform of the International Monetary Fund, anti-terrorism, anti-corruption, cyber security and other key global governance issues, poverty alleviation and disaster reduction, food security, energy security, humanitarian assistance, prevention of major infectious diseases, etc. This determines that China cannot be alone and govern behind closed doors. Instead, it must integrate into the world system, actively build an open and cooperative governance structure, and strive to effectively connect and complement domestic governance and international governance.
In the field of economic governance, the global industrial layout is constantly being adjusted, and new industrial chains, value chains, and supply chains are increasingly being formed. However, trade and investment rules have failed to keep up with the new situation, and closed mechanisms and fragmented rules are prominent. The global financial market needs to strengthen its ability to resist risks, but the global financial governance mechanism has not been able to adapt to the new needs, and it is difficult to effectively resolve the frequent turbulence in the international financial market and the accumulation of asset bubbles.
With the increasing
number and overlapping of global challenges, it is the general trend to
strengthen global governance and promote the reform of the global governance system.
2. The basic orientation of the new type of international relations and the new world order
What kind of international relations and new world order will we build? There are different answers and solutions in the world. The neo-realist faction among Western scholars put forward the "hegemonic stability theory" and advocated the creation of an omnipotent superpower to lead international affairs.
The liberal school puts forward the "global governance theory", which advocates that countries weaken or transfer part of their sovereignty and formulate common rules to manage the world.
The constructivist school throws out the "universal value theory" and advocates the promotion of Western values and social systems to unify the world. However, these "new theories" are stretched thin in explaining the complex and profoundly changing world, show serious conservatism and rigidity when guiding real social practice, and even become the ideological source of social disorder and political turmoil in some parts of the world and a few countries.
Many leaders and scholars of developing and emerging countries
have seen the limitations and harms of these Western theories, but they lack
the ability to innovate theoretically, and cannot come up with systematic new
theories of global governance. President Xi Jinping has insight into the
development trend of the times, represents the interests and aspirations of
global justice forces, especially emerging economies and developing countries,
put forward major theories on reforming international relations and building a
new world order, and systematically expounded on promoting the reform of the
global governance system and rules, the general direction of building a new
world order, and put forward China's positioning and China's plan, which is to
promote the democratization, rule of law, rationalization (justification) of
international relations, lead economic globalization, and build a community
with a shared future for mankind. These aspects are the target direction, important
starting point and practical path for advancing the reform of the global
governance pattern, governance system and governance rules.
Promote the democratization of international relations.
President Xi Jinping pointed out: "We should jointly promote the
democratization of international relations. The fate of the world must be
jointly controlled by the people of all countries, and the world's affairs
should be handled through consultation by the governments and people of all
countries. The idea of monopolizing international affairs is out of date.
Actions to monopolize international affairs are certainly not successful."
In recent years, President Xi Jinping has delivered speeches on promoting the democratization of international relations on many occasions, expounding our position, views and propositions on this issue.
On July 15, 2014, in his speech at the sixth meeting of the BRICS leaders, he proposed: China should adhere to the spirit of inclusiveness, promote mutual tolerance of different social systems, mutual learning of different cultures and civilizations, and mutual benefit of different development models, and conduct international relations.
Democratization practitioners
China should adhere to the spirit of cooperation, continue to strengthen solidarity, accommodate each other's concerns, deepen practical cooperation, and work together to achieve economic growth in all countries and provide impetus to improve global governance. China should adhere to the spirit of win-win, and take into account the interests of other countries while pursuing our own interests, so as to benefit our own country and the world, and promote a path of win-win cooperation and benign interaction between major countries.
On July 8, 2015, when meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin, we emphasized that we agree that the BRICS countries will unanimously send a positive signal to the world to safeguard the victory of the Second World War, promote world peace and security, and promote the democratization of international relations.
Brick countries play an important role in improving global governance and strengthening multilateralism.
On December 4, 2015, when President Xi Jinping presided over the summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in Johannesburg, he proposed to upgrade the new type of China-Africa strategic partnership to a comprehensive strategic partnership of cooperation.
The "five pillars" are win-win, exchanges and mutual learning in civilization, mutual assistance in security, and solidarity and cooperation in international affairs. These "five pillars" can be called the cornerstone of the democratization of international relations.
On September 28, 2015, President Xi Jinping delivered a speech entitled "Jointly Build New Partnerships for Win-Win Cooperation to Build a Community of Shared Future for Mankind" at the general debate of the 70th United Nations General Assembly.
In his speech, he discussed the democratization of international relations.
A comprehensive and in-depth elaboration points out:
China must adhere to multilateralism and not engage in unilateralism. China must pursue the new concept of win-win, multi-win, and win-win, and throw away the old thinking that I win, you lose, and the winner takes all. Consultation is an important form of democracy, and it should also become an important method of modern international governance.
It is necessary to advocate the settlement of disputes through dialogue and the settlement of differences through consultation. We need to build a global partnership at the international and regional levels, and blaze a new path of state-to-state relations of "dialogue rather than confrontation, and partnership rather than alliance".
When major powers get along, there should be no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect, and win-win cooperation. When big countries and small countries get along, they should treat each other as equals, practice the correct concept of righteousness and interests, combine righteousness and interests, and put righteousness more than interest. No matter how the international landscape changes, we must always adhere to equality, democracy, inclusiveness, respect the right of each country to independently choose its social system and development path, respect the diversity of civilizations, and ensure that all countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, belong to the international community.
Equal members, the affairs of a country are decided by the people of its own, and the affairs of the international are negotiated by various countries
On January 17, 2017, President Xi Jinping pointed out in his keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the 2017 annual meeting of the World Economic Forum that all countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community and should participate in decision-making and enjoy equal rights. rights and obligations.
Emerging market countries and developing countries should be given more representation and voice
China must uphold multilateralism and maintain the authority and effectiveness of the multilateral system. To fulfill the promise and abide by the rules, you cannot choose or choose according to your own wishes.
China must promote the democratization of
international relations, and we cannot pursue "one country's hegemony"
or "co-governance by several parties". The destiny of the world
should be jointly controlled by all countries, international rules should be
jointly written by all countries, global affairs should be jointly governed by
all countries, and development achievements should be shared by all countries.
Promote the rule of law in international relations
The rule of law is the basic consensus of a civilized society and the universal pursuit of mankind, and the rule of law is the main theme of our era. "It has become the consensus of most countries to establish international mechanisms, abide by international rules, and pursue international justice." China is entering an era of rule of law, and the international community is showing a trend of rule of law. Just as many domestic issues have been brought into the track of the rule of law, many issues between countries, regions and even around the world are increasingly included in the track of the rule of law. In the context of the rule of law in the global governance structure, the transformation of the model of raising international affairs to legal issues is to take political, economic, cultural, military, environmental and other issues as legal issues. By legalizing affairs and issues in various fields of international relations, the international community has entered a new era of pluralistic coexistence from the era of power politics.
To date, the organs of the United Nations system have carried out many activities in a very wide range of fields to promote the rule of law at the national and international levels. The United Nations actively promotes the establishment of the international rule of law and has achieved many achievements.
The 2005 World Summit Outcome identified the rule of law as a value and fundamental principle and called for the full implementation of the rule of law at the national and international levels.
The General Assembly of the United Nations, its Sixth Committee and the International Law Commission, are devoted to the formulation of international treaties and the codification of international law, making active contributions to "international legislation". The Security Council actively prevents and resolves regional conflicts, establishes ad hoc criminal courts, brings individuals who violate international humanitarian law and human rights law to justice, and maintains international peace and security through the rule of law.
The International Court of Justice resolves international disputes through judicial means, and its judgments and advisory opinions clarify the relevant principles and rules of international law, enriching and developing international law.
Beginning in 2006, the Sixth Committee of the United Nations
General Assembly began to discuss the issue of the rule of law at the national
and international levels. In the discussion of the "rule of law at the
national and international levels" at the Sixth Committee of the UN
General Assembly, the Chinese representative put forward: "The rule of law
is an important symbol of human civilization and progress." The discussion
on this issue is not only conducive to expanding countries' efforts to
strengthen the rule of law consensus, and reflects the desire of all countries
in the world to work together to build a world ruled by law. Against the
background of this era, promoting the rule of law in international relations is
the right choice to follow the general trend and the historical trend.
In keeping with the trend of the times, President Xi Jinping emphasized: "We should jointly promote the rule of law in international relations. Encourage all parties to abide by international law and the universally recognized basic principles of international relations in international relations, and use uniformly applicable rules to clarify right and wrong, promote peace, and seek development. 'The law is the yardstick of the world.' In the international community, the law should be the common yardstick. There is no law that only applies to others but does not apply to oneself, and there is no law that only applies to oneself and does not apply to others. There cannot be any applicable law. Double standards. We should jointly safeguard the authority and seriousness of international law and international order, and all countries should exercise their rights in accordance with the law, oppose the distortion of international law, and the violation of the legitimate rights and interests of other countries and the destruction of peace and stability in the name of 'the rule of law'.
" We should create a future
in which the rule of law, fairness and justice are pursued. The status and role
of international law in global governance must be improved, and international
rules must be effectively observed and implemented. Historical
responsibilities, development stages, and coping capabilities are all
different, and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities is
not only not outdated, but should be observed."
Promote rationalization and fairness of international relations. Rationalization and impartiality are related concepts, so people usually use the word "fair and reasonable". Throughout the history of modern times, the establishment of a fair and reasonable international order has been the goal of mankind.
The Communist Party of China, the Chinese government and the Chinese people have always been committed to the realization of this goal.
Especially in recent years, President Xi Jinping has made a clear
call: "We should jointly promote the rationalization of international
relations. Adapt to the new changes in the international balance of power and
promote the reform of the global governance system, reflect the concerns and
demands of all parties, and better safeguard the legitimate rights and
interests of the vast number of developing countries. "
President Xi Jinping has called on a series of international occasions to build a fairer and more equitable international order, and to continuously gather progressive forces for global governance reform.
On March 27, 2013, President Xi Jinping emphasized at the fifth BRICS leaders' meeting: We must play a constructive role in the reform of the global governance system and promote the development of the international order in a more just and reasonable direction.
On July 20, 2014, President Xi Jinping held talks with Argentine President Cristina Cristina and emphasized that the two sides should closely communicate and cooperate on major issues such as global governance and reform of the international economic and financial system, safeguard the rights and interests of emerging market countries and developing countries, and promote The international order is developing in a more just and reasonable direction.
On September 19, 2014, President Xi Jinping pointed out in his speech at the World Affairs Council of India: China and India should be global partners of strategic coordination and promote the development of the international order in a more just and reasonable direction. China and India should inherit and carry forward the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, adhere to sovereign equality, fairness and justice, common security, adhere to common development, win-win cooperation, inclusiveness and mutual learning, and make greater contributions to world economic growth and global governance through their own development. To provide solutions to global issues that represent the interests of the vast majority of developing countries.
On January 17,
2017, President Xi Jinping pointed out in his keynote speech at the opening
ceremony of the 2017 annual meeting of the World Economic Forum: "Humanity
has become a community with a shared future in which you have me and I have
you, and the interests are highly integrated and interdependent. Every country
has the right to development, and at the same time, they should consider their
own interests at a broader level, not at the expense of harming the interests
of other countries."
The essence of promoting the rationalization and fairness of international relations is as follows: First, to adapt to the new changes in the international balance of power, promote the reform of the global governance system, reflect the concerns and demands of all parties, and better safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries. Since human society entered the 21st century, the contribution rate of market countries and developing countries to global economic growth has reached 80%.
In the past few decades, the balance of international economic power has evolved profoundly, while the global governance system has failed to reflect the new pattern, and its representation and inclusiveness are insufficient.
Second, fairness and
justice are the noble goals pursued by people all over the world in the field
of international relations. In today's international relations, fairness and
justice are far from being realized. Under the new situation, we must uphold
sovereign equality and promote equal rights, equal opportunities and equal
rules for all countries.
lead economic globalization. Historically, economic globalization is an objective requirement for the development of social productive forces and an inevitable result of scientific and technological progress, and is not artificially created by some people or countries.
Economic globalization has provided a strong impetus for the growth of the world economy, promoted the flow of commodities and capital, the progress of science and technology and civilization, and the exchanges between peoples of various countries. After the end of the Cold War, the historical changes of globalization have become more obvious in the world we live in.
After entering this century, the speed of globalization has been further accelerated, which is effectively changing the production mode, life style and cultural form of human beings. It also profoundly affects the economic system, political system, legal system and people's way of thinking and behavior of human society.
Globalization is a
comprehensive concept, which represents the expansion of the scope of human
activities, the scope of space and the form of organization, from the local to
the national to the world. It also represents the development trend of human
society, and it also represents the transformation of human perspectives in
understanding and interpreting the world. Globalization includes at least
economic globalization, public affairs globalization, human rights
globalization, environmental globalization, and legal globalization, among
which economic globalization is of decisive significance.
Economic globalization is a historical trend that is synchronized with economic modernization. It has contributed to the global flow of products, resources, capital, technology, ideas, and culture, and has contributed to trade prosperity, resource development, investment facilitation, technological innovation, and ideological revolution. and social change. Of course, "we must also admit that economic globalization is a 'double-edged sword'".
Since economic globalization brings competition from domestic to international and from regional to global, this will inevitably lead to problems such as development imbalances, governance dilemmas, digital divides, and fair deficits around the world. Especially when the world economy is in a downturn, the global economic "cake" is not easy to grow, or even becomes smaller, and the contradictions between growth and distribution, capital and labor, efficiency and fairness will become more prominent, and the developed and developing countries will Feel the pressure and shock. As a result, the public opinion, trend of thought and movement of "anti-globalization" and "anti-globalization" surged. Under such circumstances, China should analyze the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of globalization with dialectical thinking, and deeply realize that these are problems in progress. China must uphold the rules of the World Trade Organization, support an open, transparent, inclusive and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system, and build an open world economy. If we go against the general trend of globalization, engage in trade and investment protectionism, and set the scene for prison, it is doomed to be detrimental to ourselves and others.
As President Xi Jinping pointed out: "What I want to say is that many of the problems plaguing the world are not caused by economic globalization. For example, in the past few years, the flow of refugees from the Middle East and North Africa has affected the world, with millions of Many people are displaced, and even many young children are buried in the sea on the way, which makes us sad. The causes of this problem are wars, conflicts, and regional unrest. The way to solve this problem is to seek peace, promote reconciliation, restoring stability.
Another example is that the international financial crisis is not an inevitable product of the development of economic globalization, but the result of excessive financial capital seeking profits and a serious lack of financial supervision.
Simply
blaming economic globalization for the problems plaguing the world is not in
line with the facts. In the face of the opportunities and challenges brought
about by economic globalization, the correct choice is to make full use of all
opportunities, cooperate to address all challenges, and guide the direction of
economic globalization. Make the process of economic globalization more
dynamic, inclusive and sustainable. We must take the initiative to act and
manage appropriately, so that the positive effects of economic globalization
can be released more, and the process of economic globalization can be
rebalanced.
Efficiency, focus on fairness, and let different
countries, different classes, and different groups of people share the benefits
of economic globalization. This is the responsibility of the leaders of our
era, and it is what people of all countries expect from us. Build a community
with a shared future for mankind. On the basis of promoting the reform of
international governance, building a fair and reasonable world order based on
democracy and the rule of law, and leading the right direction of
globalization, we will move forward in the direction of building a community of
human interests and a community with a shared future for mankind. This is a
proposition of the times and a global issue put forward by Chinese leaders. The
report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly
put forward for the first time "advocating the consciousness of a
community with a shared future for mankind". Since the 18th National
Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has put
forward the proposition of building a community of interests and a community of
destiny in response to the "strong country must hegemony" and the
"China threat theory". On March 27, 2014, President Xi Jinping
explained to the world a community of shared destiny for the first time in his speech
at the UNESCO headquarters, pointing out: "In today's world, human beings
live in a world composed of different cultures, races, colors, religions and
social systems. Here, people of all countries have formed a community with a
shared future for you and me." On September 28, 2015, President Xi Jinping
comprehensively and systematically explained the community with a shared future
for mankind and its development direction at the 70th United Nations General
Assembly. He pointed out: "In today's world, all countries are interdependent
and share weal and woe. We must inherit and carry forward the purposes and
principles of the UN Charter, build a new type of international relations with
win-win cooperation as the core, and build a community with a shared future for
mankind." A partnership of equal treatment, mutual consultation and mutual
understanding, to create a fair and just, co-construction and shared security
pattern, to seek open, innovative, inclusive and mutually beneficial
development prospects, to promote harmonious but different, eclectic exchanges
between civilizations, and to build an ecosystem that respects nature and green
development system. On January 18, 2017, President Xi Jinping delivered a
keynote speech on "Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind"
at the United Nations Headquarters in Geneva, and further pointed out that to
build a community with a shared future for mankind, the international community
should focus on partnership, security structure, economic development,
civilization exchanges, ecological Efforts in construction, etc. It is
emphasized that we must adhere to dialogue and consultation to build a world of
lasting peace; adhere to joint construction and sharing to build a universally
secure world; adhere to win-win cooperation and build a world of common
prosperity; adhere to exchanges and mutual learning to build an open and
inclusive world; adhere to Green and low-carbon, building a clean and beautiful
world. President Xi Jinping also emphasized the establishment of a community of
shared future for mankind on a series of important bilateral and multilateral
diplomatic occasions, and proposed to jointly build a community with a shared
future for China and ASEAN, a community with a shared future for China and
Pakistan, a community with a shared future for Asia, a China-Latin America
community, and a China-Africa community with a shared future. China, together
with other countries in the world, is committed to promoting world peace,
stability, prosperity and progress. The concept of a community with a shared
future for mankind is a forward-looking thinking on the development trend of
human society on the basis of insight into the international situation and the
general trend of the evolution of the world pattern. The theoretical cornerstone
of order has been recognized by the United Nations and its affiliated
organizations and widely supported by the people of the world. In short, to
promote the reform of the global governance system and rules, promote the
development and progress of international relations, and build a community with
a shared future for mankind, in ideology and practice, it is to create a future
in which everyone can do their best and win-win cooperation, and abandon the
narrow-mindedness of "zero-sum game" Thinking, major countries should
respect each other's core interests and major concerns, manage conflicts and
differences, and strive to build a new type of relationship featuring no
conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect, and win-win cooperation. Big
countries should treat small countries as equals, and do not engage in
domineering, buying and selling by force. More sharing and more responsibility;
we must create a future where the rule of law, fairness and justice are
pursued, ensure the effective compliance and implementation of international
rules, adhere to democracy, equality, and justice, and build the international
rule of law. No country can wage war at will or undermine the international
rule of law. , cannot open the "Pandora's box"; to create a future of
inclusiveness, mutual learning and common development, advocating harmony but
different, allowing countries to find the most suitable countermeasures for
their own national conditions; to promote a more balanced world economy and
politics, more effective global governance, International relations are more
democratic and just. The "Belt and Road" initiative proposed by
Chinese leaders is a historic measure to build a community of shared interests
and a shared future for mankind and achieve win-win and shared development.
3. Building a new world order: China's position and measures
To promote the reform of global governance and build a new world order, China's basic positions and concepts are: First, to promote the reform of global governance and build a new world order is not to overthrow the current world order, nor to start a new world, but to promote global governance The system is developing in a more just, reasonable and effective direction. President Xi Jinping pointed out in particular that we are not trying to overthrow the current system dominated by the United States.
China hopes that the United States and developed countries will correct the unjust and unreasonable parts of the current world order and make the current international system more perfect. Foreign media said that Chinese President Xi Jinping called for a more just international order to reflect the new voices of Asian and African countries at a time when the influence of the two continents has increased significantly than in the past. China does not have the ability to overthrow the US-led system, nor does it mean to do that. Second, building a new order, or "reorganizing the world order," as foreign media put it, does not mean artificially abandoning the diplomatic strategy of keeping a low profile.
Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed that China should wait for the opportunity on the world stage, "hide its strengths and bide its time". For our country, the strategy of keeping a low profile has created a relaxed development environment for our country for 30 years and has made our country's economic development a great success.
However, as China's economic strength is strong, both the United States and Europe have seen through the strategy of hiding, trying to change the rules and regulations of the process of economic globalization, reversing the adverse consequences of China's economic take-off on Western power, forcing us to face and participate in a trap full of traps. International power politics; whether China likes it or not, the Chinese government’s era of “keeping a low profile and never taking the lead” on the international stage has basically come to an end, and even the political leeway brought by the “anti-terrorism” war for China is rapidly disappearing.
As the United
States, Japan and some neighboring countries continue to touch China's core
national interests, and we have to respond strongly, the days when we maintain
a low profile internationally are no more, and we must actively participate in
global governance and participate in the rules of the international game.
formulated to effectively safeguard and expand China's national interests.
At present, in the strategic process of building a new world order, we still have many shortcomings to be filled, and we still need to make great achievements.
Over the past few decades, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, China has played an important role as a participant, builder and contributor in global governance with a more confident and proactive attitude.
On the global governance
agenda, China is transforming from a rule-defying country to a rule-cooperating
country, from a rule acceptor to a rule maker, and from a passive participant
to an active decision maker. However, in general, we still have shortcomings
that neither soft power nor hard power is strong.
The first is the fragility of the right to speak. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out profoundly: The pattern of "the West is strong and I am weak" in terms of global discourse power has not fundamentally changed, and our country has not yet had the right to speak in many aspects, even in a state of "silence" or "aphasia", China's ability to set issues.
The ability to participate in and lead the formulation of rules is still relatively weak, the international voice is still relatively small, and it is still in a situation where it cannot be rationalized or spread.
There are many reasons for this, including problems in international communication capabilities and psychological problems in Western audiences, but an important reason is that our discourse system has not yet been established, and our country's development advantages and comprehensive strength have not been transformed into discourse. Advantage.
Without its own discourse system, it cannot effectively demonstrate or justify its own claims and actions, and it is impossible to talk about the right to speak and dominate international affairs.
The function of discourse power is reflected in two aspects:
in the domestic aspect, it is manifested as the leading and dominant power of discourse, that is, the ability to lead ideology and public opinion; in the international aspect, it is manifested in the influence and dominance of discourse , and that translates into the ability to participate in international affairs and rule-making. The main symbol of discourse power is the international influence of discourse, which in turn depends on whether we can create a discourse system that has our own ideological connotations, conforms to the laws of human social development and globalization trends, and has charismatic and universal demonstration effects.
Can we create an ideology that the world accepts. We may disagree with Huntington's "Clash of Civilizations" and Fukuyama's "End of History", but we have not come up with an equally influential theory.
On March 27, 2014, General
Secretary Xi Jinping quoted a famous saying by Napoleon in his speech at the
UNESCO headquarters in Paris: There are two forces in the world: the sword and
the mind; in the long run, the sword is always defeated by the mind men. This
just shows the great significance of generating ideas, forming an ideological
system, and then forming a discourse system. It also shows that China should
not only supply various commodities to the world, but should also include ideas
and civilization achievements. We must not only let the world know "China
on the tip of the tongue", but also let the world know about "China
in academia", "China in theory", "China in philosophy and
social sciences", and let the world know about "China in
development" , "Opening China", "China Contributing to
Human Civilization".
The soft power of the right to speak is of course based on hard power. Hard power such as economics, politics, and military is the supporting force for a strong voice, but it is not the only decisive force. Power and the right to speak are not a natural correspondence. For example, the United Kingdom, although its economic strength has declined, still has a relatively strong voice in global affairs.
Once the power of discourse is formed, it has relative independence, because the basis of the power of discourse lies in whether a country can produce an ideological system with world influence.
China's current economic hard power has increased significantly, but it is faced with a serious lack of discourse and the problem of "discourse deficit". The foundation of discourse and discourse power lies in genuine theoretical innovation and discourse quality. Therefore, it is crucial to build one's own academic discourse system and ideological system to compete for the right to speak. To this end, my country's philosophy and social sciences must be good at extracting iconic concepts, creating new concepts, new categories, and new expressions that are easily understood and accepted by the international community, and guiding the international academic community to conduct research and discussions. Each discipline must build a systematic discipline theory and concept.
It is necessary to encourage philosophical and social science institutions to participate in and establish international academic organizations, support and encourage the establishment of overseas Chinese academic research centers, support foreign societies and foundations to study Chinese issues, strengthen exchanges between domestic and foreign think tanks, and promote overseas Chinese studies.
It is necessary to focus on issues of common concern to the international community, launch and lead the organization of research projects, and enhance the international influence of my country's philosophy and social science research. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of excellent foreign language academic websites and academic journals, and support the promotion of high-level research results to foreign countries.
Scholars should be encouraged and supported to participate
in international academic conferences, publish academic articles, tell Chinese
stories, spread Chinese ideas, and provide Chinese wisdom.
The construction of our own discourse system should reflect the common values of the world. We oppose some Western countries imposing their own values and value systems as "universal values", but we cannot deny the common values of human society.
At the 70th United Nations General Assembly, President Xi Jinping clearly stated:
"Peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom are the common values of all mankind and the lofty goals of the United Nations."
Since 2014, President Xi Jinping has On other major occasions, a series of propositions and concepts with international compatibility were put forward and expounded, for example, "a community of global interests"; "a community with a shared future for mankind"; "peace and development are still the two major themes of today's era"; "civilization is a colorful inclusive, equal and inclusive"; "building a new type of international relations featuring peace, development, cooperation and win-win", all of which have had a wide range of ideological and political influences, especially with "peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, freedom"
The
proposal of "common value for all mankind" as the core has made us
stand on the commanding heights of value and morality, laid a value foundation for
the construction of a community of human interests and a community of destiny,
and also freed us from passive criticism on the issue of value. situation.
Second, China's comprehensive strength to dominate international relations and world order is far from enough. After years of hard work, China has made historic progress in its development. Its economic aggregate ranks second in the world, its foreign exchange reserves are the world's largest, and its trade in goods ranks first in the world. However, as a country with a population of nearly 1.4 billion, its per capita GDP ranks around 80th in the world, and the problems of unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable development are still prominent. And if China considers its social construction, social order and social civilization, our cultural construction, educational level, scientific and technological innovation capabilities, including social science theoretical innovation, the external influence of core values, our ecological civilization, food and drug safety, production Combined with factors such as security conditions, our ranking will be lower. Therefore, General Secretary Xi Jinping reminded us to stick to our country's national conditions and adhere to the positioning of developing countries.
As a developing country, even the largest
developing country, it is easier said than done to dominate the rules of the
game and the economic and political order in the world. When it comes to
raising the right to speak and building a world order, the key is to strengthen
hard power. This is why General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized
that we must strengthen capacity building, continue to strengthen ourselves,
and do our own affairs well and better. Only then can China have a greater right
to speak internationally, only then can we grasp the rules of the game, and
only then can we master our country development initiative.
4. The rule of law is the fundamental guarantee for building a new world order
The rule of law is an inevitable requirement for advancing the reform of the global governance system and building a new world order. The construction of the international rule of law and the global rule of law is the only way to promote the modernization of global governance and the rule of law in the world order. To this end, we should strive to do the following:
i. Resolutely safeguard the world order based on the UN Charter
President Xi Jinping pointed out at the United Nations General Assembly: 70 years ago, our ancestors established the United Nations, the most universal, representative and authoritative international organization with far-sightedness, to entrust the new vision of mankind and usher in a new era of cooperation. This initiative is unprecedented. Seventy years ago, our ancestors gathered the wisdom of all parties to formulate the United Nations Charter, which laid the cornerstone of the modern international order and established the basic norms of contemporary international relations. This achievement has far-reaching consequences.
China is a founding member of the United Nations and the first country to sign the United Nations Charter. China will firmly uphold the international system with the United Nations at its core, the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, the authority and status of the United Nations, and the central role of the United Nations in international affairs.
As far as international relations and world order are concerned, the United Nations is the most important platform for us to participate in global governance, promote the restructuring of international relations, and build a new world order. Just imagine, if China was not a founding member of the United Nations or a permanent member of the Security Council, and if the People's Republic of China did not confirm the status of a permanent member of the Security Council at the same time when it restored all the legitimate rights of the United Nations in 1971, what would my country's international status be like? So, We will continue to uphold the international order and system centered on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and the authority and seriousness of international law and order.
President Xi Jinping pointed out that the various confrontations and injustices in the world today are not because the purposes and principles of the UN Charter are outdated, but precisely because these purposes and principles have not been effectively implemented.
The role of the United Nations in addressing global threats and challenges is irreplaceable and remains an important platform for strengthening and improving global governance. In addition to the UN Charter, countries have reached a series of international conventions and legal instruments on political security, trade development, social human rights, technology and health, labor property rights, culture and sports and other fields based on the UN Charter.
The life of the law lies in its implementation, and it is the responsibility of all countries to safeguard the authority of the international rule of law, exercise their rights in accordance with the law, and perform their obligations in good faith. The life of the law also lies in fairness and justice.
All countries and
international judicial institutions should ensure that international law is
applied equally and uniformly. Double standards should not be adopted.
In addition to the United Nations and related international organizations (such as the World Trade Organization, the World Health Organization, the World Intellectual Property Organization, the World Meteorological Organization, the International Telecommunication Union, the Universal Postal Union, the International Organization for Migration, the International Labour Organization, etc.), my country should also use Global and regional dialogue and cooperation platforms such as G20, BRICS, APEC, China-US, China-EU, China-France, G77, SCO, etc.
Using these platforms, Chinese leaders shed light on China's deep understanding of the world's major issues and China's solutions.
Take the G20 as an example. The G20 is the first global economic governance mechanism in which China participates as a shaper, a founding country and a core participant.
Since 2013, China has actively cooperated with developed countries to strengthen international macroeconomic policy coordination, strengthen financial risk management and control, and promote the global governance structure and the share reform of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
Actively support non-traditional issues such as energy, climate change, food security, infrastructure investment, and anti-corruption to be included in the G20 agenda. Every time the Chinese leader makes a statement at the G20 summit, it stands out.
In September 2013, President Xi Jinping delivered a speech "Jointly Maintain and Develop an Open World Economy" at the 8th G20 Leaders Summit held in St. Petersburg, Russia, advocating that the G20 should "firmly maintain and develop an open world economy", and proposed Global economic governance thinking with three core concepts of "development and innovation", "growth linkage" and "interest integration". In November 2014, at the 9th G20 Leaders Summit held in Brisbane, Australia, President Xi Jinping delivered a speech on "Promoting Innovative Development and Realizing Linked Growth", which further enriched these three concepts and their policy guiding significance.
In October 2016, the G20 summit was held in Hangzhou, China. As the presidency, China has made outstanding contributions to promoting the G20 to truly become a "stabilizer" for the world economy, a "catalyst" for global growth, and a "promoter" for global economic governance. Sustained, balanced and inclusive growth provides China's solution.
ii. Actively participate in international legislation and strive to lead some important legislation
The "Decision" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee stated: "Actively participate in the formulation of international rules, promote the handling of foreign-related economic and social affairs in accordance with the law, enhance my country's voice and influence in international legal affairs, and use legal means to safeguard my country's sovereignty, security, Development interests."
At the 2015 Central Economic Work Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that we should make good use of the opportunity of my country's rising international discourse power and rule-making power, actively participate in the reconstruction of rules, and create a favorable international environment for my country's development. The Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China proposes that China will actively participate in the formulation of international rules in new fields such as cyber, deep sea, polar regions, and air and space.
The Central Military
Commission's "Decision on Further Advancing the Law and Strictly Governing
the Army" also stated: "Actively participate in the formulation of international
military rules, and enhance the voice and influence of our military in
international military and legal affairs." These are all promoting
international legislation. major decisions and initiatives. By actively
participating in or leading international legislation, we will inject China's position, claims and values into the international legal system,
and promote good law and good governance in the field of global governance. We
cannot be absent from international legislation.
iii. Actively participate in international law enforcement
China has always been the defender of the international order. As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China has participated in UN peacekeeping operations for 27 years. It has become a major troop-contributing country and funding country for peacekeeping operations, and has been recognized and praised by the international community.
In 2015, President Xi Jinping announced at the UN General Assembly that China would join the new UN Peacekeeping Capacity Standby Mechanism, and decided to take the lead in establishing a standing peacekeeping police force and a peacekeeping standby force of 8,000 people.
China has decided to provide the African Union with a total of 100
million US dollars in free military assistance in the next five years to
support the construction of the African standing army and the rapid response
force for crisis response. The "Decision" of the Fourth Plenary
Session of the 18th Central Committee also proposed to "actively participate
in international cooperation in law enforcement and security, and jointly
combat violent terrorist forces, ethnic separatist forces, religious extremist
forces, drug trafficking, and transnational organized crime."
iv. Actively participate in international judicial institutions and judicial activities
Judiciary is the line of defense to maintain fairness and justice, and it is also the symbol of human civilization.
Since the reform and opening up, we have taken an active and cooperative attitude towards international justice, respecting and supporting international justice that speaks justice and makes fair decisions. Three jurists have served as judges of the United Nations International Court of Justice (Ni Zhengyi 1985-1994, Shi Jiuyong 1994-2010, of which he served as President of the International Court of Justice from 2003 to 2006, and Xue Hanqin since 2010), and three jurists served as the United Nations on the former Yugoslavia issue.
Ad hoc judges of the International Criminal Court (Li Haopei, Wang Tieya, Liu Daqun), three jurists serving as judges of the United Nations Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (Zhao Lihai, Xu Guangjian, Gao Zhiguo).
Out of respect for international law and international justice, many laws of China clearly stipulate that if the international treaties concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China have different provisions from the laws of the People's Republic of China, the provisions of the international treaties shall apply, but the People's Republic of China declares reservations. except for the terms. Where there is no provision in the laws of the People's Republic of China and international treaties concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China, international practice may apply.
China suggests that the provisions
at this legal level can be regarded as a general principle in the Constitution,
which stipulates: "The international treaties and important agreements
concluded and acceded to by the People's Republic of China, as well as the
international customary laws that have been explicitly accepted by the People's
Republic of China, constitute the legal system of the People's Republic of
China. Part of it, except for treaty provisions that declare reservations. If
the laws of the People's Republic of China and the treaties and important
agreements concluded or acceded do not provide for it, international practices
may apply." Improve China's judicial assistance system, expand the
coverage of international judicial assistance, strengthen international cooperation
in anti-corruption, and increase overseas recovery of stolen goods, fugitives,
repatriation and extradition." In the field of international justice, China fully respects and support impartial justice, but when it involves the core
interests of the country China will never accept judgments of abuse of judicial
power in cases of
v. Do a good job in foreign-related and international legal services
"Strengthen foreign-related legal services, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese citizens and legal persons overseas and foreign citizens and legal persons in my country, and protect the rights and interests of overseas Chinese in accordance with the law."
At the same
time, it is necessary to provide good legal training and legal services for
developing countries. In particular, it is necessary to actively prepare for
the establishment of the “Belt and Road” economic and legal dispute arbitration
center, resolve conflicts and disputes through diversified mechanisms such as
consultation, arbitration, and justice, provide good legal services for the
implementation and realization of the “Belt and Road” strategy, and create a
good legal environment. .
vi. Strengthen the construction of international legal talent team
China's legal talent team is extremely unsuitable for the urgent needs of economic globalization, legalization of international relations, and the construction of a new democratic, fair and reasonable order. From the perspective of the new trend of economic globalization, with the accelerated flow of people, logistics, capital and information on a global scale, economic, trade and personnel exchanges between countries have continued to increase, and the international legal service industry has further expanded. As the world's second largest economy, with the in-depth implementation of the "bringing in" and "going out" strategies, foreign-related legal affairs are increasing, and there is an urgent need for a large number of lawyers who are proficient in international rules and good at handling foreign-related legal affairs.
But at present, there are less than 3,000 lawyers who can handle foreign-related legal business proficiently in China, and less than 50 lawyers who can handle "double-reverse and double-guarantee" (anti-dumping, countervailing, safeguard measures and specific product safeguard measures) business. The Appellate Body has only a few lawyers who conduct business independently.
At present, 35% of the global anti-dumping investigations and 71% of the anti-subsidy investigations are aimed at Chinese export products. Due to our lack of corresponding legal services, the loss is huge. In response to this severe situation, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "It is necessary to strengthen capacity building and strategic investment, strengthen theoretical research on global governance, and attach great importance to the training of talents in global governance."
The "Decision" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the
18th Central Committee also requires "Building a team of foreign-related
legal talents who are familiar with international legal rules and good at
handling foreign-related legal affairs."
vii. Coordinate the overall situation of domestic rule of law and international rule of law.
It is the basic concept and basic experience of our party's governance of the country to coordinate the two overall situations.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: " China has entered a critical stage of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The relationship between China and the world is undergoing profound changes, and the interconnection and interaction between my country and the international community has become unprecedentedly close. Participation in international affairs is constantly deepening, and the world's dependence on my country and its influence on China are also deepening.
When we observe and plan reform and development, we must consider and comprehensively use both international and domestic markets, international and domestic resources, and international and domestic resources.
Two types of rules." The "Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" and "The Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China" adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China In the Outline of the Annual Plan, one of the six principles that must be followed in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way is to “persist on coordinating the overall domestic and international situations”.
In the field of rule of law construction and rule of law development, we must also adhere to the overall planning of the domestic rule of law and the international rule of law, and correctly handle the relationship between the domestic rule of law and the international rule of law.
By coordinating the overall situation of the domestic rule of law and the international rule of law, we can better use the domestic and international rule of law to safeguard my country's legitimate interests, and build a good external environment for China's prosperity, prosperity, and sustainable and stable development.
Coordinating the two overall situations contains rich ideological connotations. The core is to actively participate in discussions on international public affairs, participate in global governance dialogues, and be good at expressing China's views in the discourse of the rule of law. It clearly expresses China's concerns about international public affairs, and demonstrates its stance on establishing and maintaining the international rule of law, and promotes the formation of an international rule of law pattern in all aspects and fields.
This approach not only enables the world to recognize China's image of a country governed by the rule of law, but also enables China to establish confidence in the rule of law in its active participation in international affairs. This method can also promote the benign interaction between the Chinese rule of law and the international rule of law, and more appropriately express and safeguard China's interests in the establishment and operation of the international rule of law.
The international rule of law will also be more
balanced, comprehensive and just due to China's active participation. status.
When China becomes a country under the rule of law, realizes
a strong country under the rule of law, and shows a good image of a country
under the rule of law internationally, our status and role in global governance
will be revolutionized.
Eighth, actively carry out legal diplomacy. "Legal diplomacy" is a new vision for observing and thinking about diplomatic issues, and a new dimension for dealing with foreign relations. Legal diplomacy is the same important foreign affairs as political diplomacy, economic diplomacy, cultural diplomacy, military diplomacy, political party diplomacy and so on.
"Legal diplomacy" not only includes law-related activities in traditional diplomacy, such as judicial assistance, signing treaties, international litigation, etc., but also refers to diplomatic activities with law as the content, mechanism and medium, that is, the rule-of-law thinking and the rule of law approach throughout diplomacy.
During the activities, he is good at transforming certain diplomatic issues into legal issues, transforming foreign-related conflicts and disputes into judicial cases, handling foreign affairs with legal rules and procedures, resolving diplomatic disputes in accordance with the law, changing diplomatic methods and methods, and opening up new prospects for diplomatic work.
To comply with the general trend of the rule of law in international relations, we must be good at taking political, economic, cultural, military, environmental and other issues as legal issues to carry out diplomatic activities. In fact, international organizations such as the United Nations and Western powers have regarded legal diplomacy as an important part of their diplomacy and placed them in key areas of policy and strategy.
It is necessary to be good at using the rule of law to resolve conflicts between countries, conflicts between regions, and conflicts between interest groups. Actively carrying out legal diplomacy to promote the international rule of law will help maintain peace and promote the development of consensus and seeking common ground while reserving differences. Develop and strengthen cooperation.
Diplomacy is an art. Turning some diplomatic issues into legal issues can, on the one hand, dilute political ideology. Diplomatic practice has repeatedly proved that if political ideology is too obvious, it will be in a passive position in international relations; on the other hand, it can be achieved through legal channels and methods.
Disputes can be resolved, and conflicts can be transferred, or the problem can be locked at the legal level, or some conflicts can be transformed into "judicial cases".
Legal diplomacy can promote beneficial exchanges between my country and other countries on the rule of law issue, which is of positive significance for enhancing understanding, expanding consensus, and strengthening the rule of law at the domestic and international levels. In this sense, legal diplomacy will surely promote the comprehensive development of my country's diplomatic career to a higher level. He is good at using legal diplomacy to resolve the "China threat theory" and strive for diplomatic initiative.
The way of legal diplomacy is equal, stable and long-term, and it is based on norms. Respecting and abiding by the law will make foreign countries have more confidence in our country, and make the world more believe that our country is a country that will not. A responsible power that dominates, loves peace, and keeps its promises.
Legal diplomacy can also make our national interests and
diplomatic claims more legitimacy, legitimacy, more convincing, and easier to
be recognized by the international community, so we can take the initiative in
diplomacy.
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