Geographical Location and Environment in India
The geographical location of India is really good. It is
surrounded by water on one side and mountains on the other. It has various
enviable ports (deep water, non-freezing), sufficient sunshine, and three crops
a year. As long as there is no major natural disaster, this land. The output of
food on the planet can be enjoyed by half of the world. Although India is
currently polarized, the rich are extremely poor, and the poor are having
trouble eating, but it cannot deny the superiority of the geographical environment.
Food and Health in India
The main Indian food is curry and flying cake, which appear
on almost every table. According to people who have been to India, the Indian
local flying cake is very delicious. Curry foods can look a little weird, but
they taste good too. If you don’t count on having a stomach trouble after
eating, these foods can be said to be delicious. The hygiene of Indian cities
is not good, it looks very dirty, especially the Ganges River, which is most
proud of Indians. This water area called "Holy River" is considered
to wash the soul and cure. Although the sick water of all kinds is full of
corrupted livestock carcasses and the water is rotten and stinky, some people
will still take a bath or even drink it directly.
To what extent is the Ganges
water polluted?
According to the World Health Organization, the safe quantity
of E. coli per 100 milliliters of river water is 500 units, and the amount of
Ganges water exceeds 100,000 units, which is 200 times higher. There was a
Japanese tourist who did not believe in evil. After drinking Ganges water, he
had diarrhea and dehydration, and had to be sent to the hospital for rescue.
Sanitation and Traveling in India
Poor sanitation in India is also reflected in toileting. Last
year, there was a movie specifically responding to this problem called "Toilet
Heroes", which elaborated on the ignorance of the bottom people in India.
The public believes that building a toilet in the home and discharging sewage
to the land surrounding the house will cause disasters. In the early hours of
the morning, as described in the movie, hordes of women traveled to the field
easily. Each of them holds a small pot of water, which is not for drinking, but
to wash their hands afterwards. Because India wipes with his left hand after
pooping, he should bring water to wash in time. The combination of dark woods
and bare-ass women has led to rapes everywhere in India.
If we travel to India, learn to grab them by hand when
eating, remember to use the right hand, because the local traditional left hand
cannot touch food (only when eating).
Indians generally believe in Hinduism. Doctrine divides
people into five categories: superior Brahman, Kshatriya, medium Vaisha, lower
Sudra, and Dalit, the lowest-ranking person who does not even have a level.
According to Indian mythology, after the death of the "primitive",
the mouth became Brahman, the arms became Kshatriya, the thighs became the
barks, the feet became the Sudra, and Dalit was not the original body part at
all. This is the famous "caste system". Although the current system has
been abolished, the concepts that exist in people's minds are deeply entrenched
and can be said to exist in name only. Among them, Brahman is a monk and
aristocrat and has the right to interpret religion. Kshatriya is composed of
military and administrative aristocracy, and is a national political and
economic decision maker. Vaishya and Sudhara are both low-level practitioners.
Dalit can only do such lowly jobs as digging and scrubbing. The caste system
severely constrains social development, it solidifies the class, and people at
the bottom lose the confidence to be motivated.
Living environment of India and division of government administration
India used to be a British colony and became independent and
became a Commonwealth country after World War II. Therefore, the political
system is similar to that of Britain, and it is a parliamentary system. The
difference is that Britain is nominally the head of state, while India is the
president. Yes, you read that right. The Indian President, like the Prime
Minister of Japan and the Queen of England, is a mascot.
When it comes to the election year, the parliament and the
state (province) legislatures first elect members, and then members vote for
the president. Congress is divided into the upper house (Federal House) and the
lower house (People's House). The upper and lower houses are not the same as
the United States Senate and House of Representatives. The lower house, that
is, the people's house, is elected every five years. The party leader who wins
eventually becomes the new government prime minister, responsible for forming
the cabinet. As the head of state and first citizen, the President will appoint
the Prime Minister (whether he wants it or not).
Prime Minister's Work
The Prime Minister's work is
accountable to the people's house that elected him, and has nothing to do with
the President. India's constitution stipulates that the president has the right
to dissolve the people's house, which also seems to restrict the power of the
prime minister. But there is also a rule that the President must issue
instructions on the advice of the Prime Minister. If the president says he is
unhappy and wants to dismiss the People's House for re-election, the prime
minister can "advise" him to withdraw the order, and the president's
signature will be worthless.
After the emerging of the Prime Minister, he will propose
candidates for Cabinet members, ministers and ministers of state, and recommend
appointments to the President. These cabinet members and ministers are
collectively responsible to the people's house. If any of these ministers is
impeached for wrongdoing, and the Congress passes the no-confidence case, then
the cabinet and all ministers will resign in total, and none of them can be
left. This is the Indian government's continuous sitting system.
Ministers of government are divided into three levels of
leadership: cabinet minister, minister of state and deputy minister. The four
most important ministries of the Interior, Ministry of Defense, Ministry of
Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Finance are all cabinet ministries, and of
course there are other departments at the same level, which are not listed one
by one. Taking the Ministry of National Defense as an example, the Ministry of
Defense Production and Supply, the Ministry of National Defense Technology
Development, and the Ministry of National Defense Finance belong to the
Ministry of State. It is a bit like the relationship between the ministries and
commissions of the State Council and the departments and bureaus.
Ordinary people who want to run for the House of
Representatives or the House of Representatives need to meet three main conditions:
Indian nationality, 25 years of age and above, and no illegal behavior. If
anyone breaks the law, their election will be barred by law within five years,
which is equivalent to China's deprivation of political rights. It is just that
China has a serious plot, and the number of years of deprivation is uncertain.
India is fixed at five years, which is actually a campaign cycle.
In the
People's House election, candidates need to pay a considerable security
deposit. If they cannot be elected because of insufficient votes, the security
deposit will not be refunded, which hinders the participation of the poor at
the bottom. There is also the need for candidates to announce their property
and education status, so that some people with low academic qualifications and
unclear financial resources can also consciously retreat outside.
Indian Provinces and Territories
The country is divided into 27 states (provinces), 6 federal
territories, and 1 national capital jurisdiction. Although India has no
territory in Antarctica, there are two scientific research bases, namely
Dakshin Gangotri and Maitri. In a broad sense, these two places are also
classified as administrative divisions. Here is a question for everyone. Does
this capital area refer to New Delhi? I won't say the answer first, let's look
down.
Below the state (province), there are four-tier institutions,
and some are five-tier institutions. The four-tier institutions are: state,
county, city (township), village (town); the five-tier institutions are state,
district, county, city (township), and village (town). For example, West
Bengal, India's third largest state, its capital is Kolkata County. Below
Kolkata, there are 72 cities (townships) and 527 villages (towns). This is a
typical four-level institution.
The six federal territories are the Andaman-Nicobar Islands,
Chandigarh, Dadra-Nagar Haveli, Dammam-Diou, Local Governance, and Raksha
Islands. Federal Territory managers are not elected locally. Instead, the
federal government appoints "administrators", which is different from
states (provinces). The highest leader of a state (province) is called the
chief minister, not the governor or governor.
Which city will become a federal territory does not mean that
its population or economy can be transformed from an ordinary city when it
reaches a certain amount, but that it is generated for historical reasons. From
the six federal territories introduced above, it can be seen that the loose
area of the archipelago is not suitable for local elections, and it is more
convenient for the government to directly manage it. Chandigarh is not only a
federal territory, but also the capital of Punjab and Haryana. It ranks 7th in
the Indian economy. In other words, Chandigarh has a very high economic and
political status. It's a bit like a municipality in our country. But it is in
the same camp as the archipelago, and the image has become different.
Now answer the previous question about whether New Delhi is a
national capital district. The answer is no. Although New Delhi is the capital,
it belongs to Delhi, and Delhi is the national capital district. They are an
old Delhi.
Finally, to summarize the main administrative divisions of India:
Cabinet (Council of Ministers) → Cabinet Department →
Ministry of State
State → County → City (Township) → Village (Town)
State → Prefecture → County → City (Township) → Village
(Town)
India's relationship with China is very delicate. As the top
two countries in the world in terms of population and both belong to ancient
civilizations, India has always regarded China as a potential competitor. In
the military and aerospace science and technology industries, it currently lags
far behind China, and it is estimated that it will not catch up in a short
time. However, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is very developed, and their
generic drugs (say, they are cottage products) are cheap and the efficacy is
first-class.
Indian National Civil Service Examination Editors Discussion
India's civil service exams are called the hardest in the
world, and in addition to being highly competitive, the exams are also
surprisingly difficult. India holds a national civil service exam once a year.
Candidates need to pass three levels to become a civil servant. The three exams
involve astronomy and geography and take a year. Once hired as a civil servant,
it means lifetime benefits. Indian civil servants specifically refer to middle
and senior officials who have certain decision-making power in the government.
There are only about 7,000 civil servants in India. Favorable treatment and
high social status are the main reasons for Indians to apply for civil
servants, which makes the examination difficult.
There is a foreign joke about India: God gave a piece of land
most suitable for human life, and later regretted it, so Indians were put on
this land.
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