Introduction to Novel Coronavirus Detection Kits
Novel coronavirus detection kits can be divided into two
categories according to the testing principle: one is nucleic acid detection
kits, and the other is antibody detection kits, both of which are clinically
used to diagnose new coronavirus infection.
Nucleic acid detection kit
How to use the nucleic acid detection kit: use a large throat
swab to non-invasively collect samples from the respiratory tract, and then
test for the nucleic acid (viral RNA) of the new coronavirus to determine
whether the sample provider is infected with the new coronavirus.
The working principle of the nucleic acid detection kit is roughly as follows: by extracting RNA from patient samples, performing reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), amplifying the trace virus information in the sample through amplification reaction, and finally using fluorescence way to read the signal.
If the signal is positive after PCR,
then it can be said that the virus is present in the sample (already infected),
otherwise it means that there is no infection.
The components of the nucleic acid detection kit: reaction
solution, enzyme mixture, negative control substance and positive control
substance. The positive control was a pseudovirus mixture containing ORF1ab and
N genes.
Antibody Detection Kit
The method of using the antibody detection kit is to collect blood samples and detect whether the blood contains new coronavirus antibodies IgM and IgG, so as to determine whether the sample provider is infected with the new coronavirus.
(After the human body is infected with the new
coronavirus, the immune system will produce IgG and IgM antibodies against the
new coronavirus).
The working principle of the antibody detection kit is
roughly as follows: after the new coronavirus infects the human body, it
stimulates plasma cells to produce specific antibodies. Using the principle of
specific binding of antigens and antibodies, the existence of antibodies can be
detected through antigens, thereby indirectly proving that the human body has
been infected with the new type of antibody.
Coronavirus. The detected antibodies are mainly divided into
two categories: IgM and IgG.
At present, there is a lack of systematic research on the generation and duration of these two types of antibodies to the new coronavirus.
Under normal circumstances, IgM antibodies are produced early, and
once infected, they are rapidly produced, maintained for a short time, and
disappear quickly.
A positive test in blood can be used as an indicator of early
infection. IgG antibodies are produced late, last for a long time, and
disappear slowly, and positive detection in blood can be used as an indicator
of infection and previous infection.
Components of the Antibody Detection Kit: Antibody Detection
Reagent Card and Diluent. Among them, the antibody detection reagent card is to
coat the novel coronavirus antigen on the nitrocellulose membrane, which is
used to capture the novel coronavirus antibody (mainly IgG and IgM antibodies)
in the sample.
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