Unlike Corona, New Norovirus is very common in China, with symptoms similar to gastrointestinal colds
Recently, a message of “a new type of virus- Norovirus enters
a high incidence period” has recently spread among parents and
friends, causing a lot of concern. The reporter learned that the so-called
"new virus-Norovirus" is actually very common. The viral infectious
diarrhea caused by it is distributed every year.
Southern is prone to winter
11In November 2014, the Guangdong Provincial Center for
Disease Control and Prevention issued a risk alert: the seasonal peak of viral
infectious diarrhea was killed and will continue until March of this year.
Norovirus infectious diarrhea is one of them.
Prion diarrhea, also known as viral gastroenteritis, is a
group of acute intestinal infectious diseases caused by a variety of viruses.
Most of the clinical symptoms are acute, with symptoms such as nausea,
vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, drainage or loose stools, and fever and
general malaise. Although these viruses spread faster, they have a lower impact
and a shorter duration. The mortality rate is low.
According to He Waner, rotavirus is the most common form of
viral diarrhea. Pathogens are mainly transmitted through the digestive tract.
The susceptible population is mainly children under 2 years old.
The peak of
the disease is in autumn and winter. The most typical symptoms are vomiting and
pulling, most of which are accompanied by fever. Two to three days later, they
start to pull watery stool.
The course of diarrhea caused by rotavirus
infection is short, usually 3 to 5 days.
Another more common virus is adenovirus, which is more common
in young children. Then there is the more frequent Norovirus, also known as
Norovirus, which was discovered in the United States in 1968. In 1995, China
reported the first case of Norovirus infection, which was considered an
"old" virus.
Norovirus likes cold and heat, and winter is the season
when norovirus and other viral infectious diarrhea are high.
People are
generally susceptible to norovirus. Because of their low resistance and
immunity, children over 2 years of age are more susceptible to infection.
Similar to adenovirus, norovirus infection also has symptoms such as nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
Prion-infected diarrhea is mostly a self-limiting disease
At the same time, Dr. He also said that although rotavirus,
adenovirus, norovirus and other viral infectious diarrhea are more contagious,
they are mainly distributed in groups, and they occur in concentrated places
such as kindergartens and schools, but they are self-limited.
In general, no
special treatment is needed for sexually transmitted diseases, mainly by
rehydration and diet conditioning to control symptoms and other treatments.
Parents should not take it lightly. They must do a good job in preventing
dehydration, but they should not be too panic.
The chief physician of the Department of Pediatrics of a
Maternal and Child Health Hospital said that in daily life, when a child
develops diarrhea, some parents often blindly take antibiotics to their
children without understanding the cause (the parents said
"Anti-inflammatory drugs"), they feel that "you must use
antibiotics if you have an infection."
When you still have diarrhea for
two or three days, you come to the hospital for treatment. In fact, this method
is unscientific. Antibiotics can inhibit or kill pathogenic microorganisms, but
it is not a "universal medicine". In the absence of bacterial
infections, rush to use antibiotics.
When the child actually develops a
bacterial infectious disease, those real pathogens actually have Drug resistance
makes treatment more difficult. In children, rotavirus enteritis is caused by a
viral infection.
Antibiotics not only have no effect on it, but if abused, they
will aggravate the intestinal flora imbalance, which will prolong the repair
time of the damaged intestinal mucosa and prolong diarrhea. Parents who use
antibiotics for rotavirus enteritis are not uncommon.
Therefore, Xie Danyu suggested that when children have
diarrhea, parents should not rush to use antibiotics immediately. What parents
need to do is to pay attention to the characteristics of their diarrhea and
take them to the hospital in time so that they can be diagnosed as early as
possible through the pathogenic examination. After a kind of diarrhea, a
corresponding treatment plan is formulated to achieve symptomatic treatment
without delaying the illness.
Do good sanitation
Prion diarrhea is mainly transmitted by feces and mouth, and
can also be transmitted by droplets from diarrhea or vomit from infected people
and inhaled patients. Therefore, the most effective way to deal with viral
diarrhea is to prevent it, and "gate the entrance."
The Guangdong Provincial Health and Family Planning
Commission recommends that people first develop healthy living habits such as
washing hands frequently, not drinking raw water, and separating raw and cooked
foods to avoid cross-contamination; secondly, strictly prevent illness from
entering the mouth. Norovirus is commonly found in shellfish, vegetables and
fruits, such as fresh vegetables and fruits and vegetables that are irrigated
and washed with water contaminated by Norovirus, which can attach the virus to
the surface.
Shellfish are cultured in contaminated water. Filtered food
gradually accumulates noroviruses. Therefore, before eating fruits, you must
wash and peel; shellfish and seafood must be cooked thoroughly before
consumption.
In addition, among the currently common viral diarrhea, only
rotavirus has a corresponding vaccine. Xie Danyu said that for some frail
infants or infants with poor gastrointestinal conditions, especially fragile
premature infants, or children with congenital diseases (such as congenital
heart disease), they can also be used in the epidemic season. Rotavirus vaccines
are given orally to reduce the risk of developing the disease.
If your child has symptoms of vomiting or diarrhea, parents
are advised not to force them to school to avoid spreading more children and
causing collective illness, and they should seek medical treatment in a timely
manner. Symptoms of norovirus infection are mainly abdominal pain, diarrhea,
and vomiting, but they usually only last for two or three days.
While
cooperating with your doctor, keep a light diet, but do not fast. "Drink plenty
of water and rest. The condition will be obvious. He Waner's special emphasis
on drinking more water. Whether it is prevention before illness or recovery
after illness, drinking water can help.
Drinking more water can promote toxin
excretion in the body, which is beneficial to the functioning of the
gastrointestinal tract. There is also cold weather to avoid cold food, so as
not to increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract.
Hunchun is approaching and gastrointestinal colds are common
It is worth noting that the clinical manifestations of
norovirus infection are similar to those of a cold, so many patients have not
been treated or diagnosed as "gastrointestinal cold". What kind of
disease is "gastrointestinal cold"? Dr. Yu Tao, Deputy Chief
Physician, Deputy Director of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,
Sun Yat-sen University, said that the disease has also recently occurred, but
the outpatients are mainly adults who eat and drink.
Before and after the
holidays, patients related to gastrointestinal clinics, emergency departments,
acute gastroenteritis, and gastrointestinal colds increase significantly.
The patient vomits while having a runny nose
"Gastrointestinal cold" has both gastrointestinal
reaction and cold symptoms from the name. Yu Tao introduced that most of the
disease is caused by a type of coxsackie virus, which is caused by oral or
respiratory infections, and sometimes accompanied by mixed infection with other
bacteria.
From the clinical point of view, most patients will have the same
gastrointestinal symptoms as acute gastroenteritis, and may also be accompanied
by the typical symptoms of colds, such as: sore throat, nasal congestion, runny
nose, cough, sputum, fever and general soreness. This is why some patients come
to the clinic and vomit while having a sore throat and coughing.
"Patients with acute gastroenteritis usually have a
history of unclean diet before onset." Yu Tao said that the most common
reason for this type of patients is eating cold dishes, barbecues, hot pots,
leftovers, etc. These foods are susceptible to salmonella. Contamination with
genus or Staphylococcus aureus causes acute inflammation of the
gastrointestinal tract, and fever may occur in severe cases, but no respiratory
symptoms similar to colds.
Wu Yutao showed that gastrointestinal symptoms are common to
gastrointestinal colds and acute gastroenteritis, and are the most prominent
manifestations. This broad category of symptoms is caused by inflammation,
edema, or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, and mainly includes nausea,
vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and dehydration such as dry mouth, yellow
urine, and dizziness.
"Anti-inflammatory drugs" are not effective against viruses
Wu Yutao reminded that patients with gastrointestinal colds
and acute gastroenteritis mostly go to the outpatient department and emergency
department of gastroenterology. Examination of blood routinely showing an
increase in white blood cells and neutrophils and an increase in white blood
cells found in stool can further verify the diagnosis of this disease. Severe
patients can also find electrolyte imbalances during blood tests.
Some minor gastrointestinal colds and acute gastroenteritis
can heal within a week, and some milder acute gastroenteritis can be relieved
even within a day. However, gastrointestinal symptoms are obvious, and patients
with severe fever and dehydration should still seek medical treatment as soon
as possible. We often say "anti-inflammatory drugs" refer to
antibiotics used to kill bacteria. They are not effective against viruses.
Therefore, they are less commonly used in gastrointestinal colds caused by
viral infections. The main symptomatic treatments are antidiarrheal and fluid
supplement.
Acute gastroenteritis, especially the more severe patients,
should be treated with antibiotics and the necessary symptomatic treatment
mentioned above. One more thing to note is the problem with intravenous
treatment. In fact, most patients, as long as they can drink water, can eat
porridge and noodles, dehydration performance is not obvious, and intravenous
fluid supplements are not necessarily required. Clinically there are some oral
rehydration compound preparations. Replenishing electrolytes and water not only
saves the pain of injections, but also saves medical costs, which is more
convenient and economical.
Yu Tao finally suggested that you should drink plenty of
water, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables and light and easily digestible
foods, ventilate your residence, avoid crowded and closed public places, avoid
unclean diets, and prevent the above diseases. of. The Spring Festival is
approaching. I hope that when the Chinese people celebrate the Spring Festival,
they must also take good care of their small intestines and stomachs, in case
the "small intestines and stomachs" are in trouble!
What are the symptoms of a gastrointestinal cold?
Symptoms of digestive tract are the most prominent
manifestations of gastrointestinal colds. The specific manifestations are as
follows:
1. Nausea and vomiting: Nausea is caused by stomach
irritation. Serious irritation will cause strong contraction of stomach muscles
and vomiting;
2. Abdominal pain: It is a common reason for patients to see
a doctor. Gastritis can cause upper abdominal pain. Spasticity caused by
inflammation of the small intestine will cause patients with colic around the
navel. Frequent infestation, anal bloating and left colic often cause colic.
Prompt colorectal inflammation;
3. Diarrhea: It is commonly known as "diarrhea",
which is mainly caused by intestinal irritation and secretes a large amount of
mucus. At the same time, intestinal edema affects the absorption of food and
water, causing excessive water in the intestinal cavity, and intestinal
peristalsis is enhanced. The stool that is finally discharged becomes sloppy or
watery. Patients generally have abdominal distension before defecation, which
is also caused by too much water in the intestine;
4. Performance of dehydration: due to loss of appetite,
vomiting and diarrhea, a large amount of water is lost, resulting in
dehydration. This is a serious condition and requires vigilance and attention.
Patients with dry mouth, dry skin, dizziness, fatigue, deeper and yellower
urine, reduced urine output, such patients should seek medical treatment
without delay.
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